Australians are set to vote in a federal election, but it’s not just about choosing a preferred candidate—it’s also a legal duty. Since 1924, every Australian citizen aged 18 and over is legally required to vote, and failing to do so without a valid excuse can result in a A$20 fine.
While voter turnout remains a challenge in many democracies, Australia consistently ranks among the highest in the world. In the 2022 federal election, about 90% of eligible voters participated. For context, turnout in the 2024 UK general election was around 60%, and in the US presidential election, it was approximately 64%.
Compulsory voting is broadly accepted by Australians and is viewed as a system that ensures more comprehensive representation—not just from the politically active, but from the entire population.
How Does Australia Encourage Voting?
Although voting is mandatory, the Australian government also takes steps to make it accessible. Elections are scheduled on Saturdays, allowing more people—especially those who work during the week—to vote without conflict.
Employers are legally required to give employees paid time off to cast their vote. To make the experience more community-driven, polling stations are often accompanied by “democracy sausages”—barbecued snacks sold as part of local fundraising efforts, turning voting into a social event.
Why Compulsory Voting Was Introduced
After the 1922 election, where fewer than 60% of eligible voters participated, the government amended the Electoral Act in 1924 to mandate voting. The result was a dramatic increase in participation—91% of voters turned out in the 1925 election.
Advocates argue that mandatory voting enhances the legitimacy of elected officials by ensuring they reflect the will of the entire electorate, not just the most motivated groups. It also pushes political parties to craft policies that appeal to a broader range of voters, avoiding hyper-polarization.
On the flip side, some critics warn of “pork barrelling”—where politicians promise local projects primarily to win over swing voters, potentially skewing resource allocation.
A Buffer Against Political Extremism
Experts suggest that compulsory voting helps moderate political discourse. Historian Judith Brett notes that because every citizen must vote, politicians are less likely to cater only to extreme ideologies. Instead, they focus on the center to win over the majority, creating more balanced public debate.
This broad participation also ensures that less affluent and marginalized communities have a say in elections. Studies show that in voluntary systems, these groups are less likely to vote, which means their needs can be overlooked. In Australia, politicians know they must address issues affecting all demographics.
Public Opinion and Ongoing Support
Compulsory voting is widely accepted in Australia. Since 1967, national polls have consistently shown around 70% approval for mandatory voting laws. Despite occasional campaigns calling for voluntary voting, the idea hasn’t gained real momentum.
In fact, during the 2022 election, 77% of respondents said they would have voted even if it wasn’t required—highlighting the deep civic commitment ingrained in Australian culture.
